Study of the Effect of Process Parameters on the Yield of Fermentable Sugar from Tuber Peels Via Acid and Enzyme Hydrolysis
Onoh Ikechukwu Maxwell *
Chemical Engineering Department, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, ESUT, Nigeria.
Anho Lawrence Oghenerivwe
Chemical Engineering Department, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, ESUT, Nigeria.
Egwuagu Onyekachi
Mechanical Engineering Department, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, ESUT, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of water yam peels using HCl, H2S04 acids and cellulase enzyme. The cellulase was secreted from Aspergillus niger (A.niger). The proximate analysis of the substrate showed that water yam peel is a lignocellulosic biomass with a cellulose composition of 48%. The effect of the process parameters (time, temperature, acid concentration and pH) on the yield of glucose in acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of the water yam peel was respectively investigated. Maximum glucose yield of 44.5% was obtained after 3 days of enzymatic hydrolysis at 30°C and pH 5. The HCl acid hydrolysis showed a maximum glucose yield of 27.3% at 70°C, 5% HCl after 180 minutes. The glucose yield in H2S04 hydrolysis was relatively lower than that of the HCl with a maximum yield of 26.5% at 70°C, 5% H2SO4 after 180 minutes. In addition to, the functional groups present in the glucose synthesized from ground water yam peels and the standard glucose were evaluated using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The FTIR results showed similarities in the functional groups present in both sugars. Yam peel can be used for the production of glucose and further fermentative process to produce ethanol.
Keywords: Acid hydrolysis, enzyme hydrolysis, glucose, pH, temperature