Design, Sizing and Optimization of a Solar- Wind Hybrid Power System
Journal of Energy Research and Reviews,
Page 50-71
DOI:
10.9734/jenrr/2022/v11i330282
Abstract
Design, sizing and optimization of a solar-wind hybrid power system was carried out to determine its economic feasibility using Hybrid optimized model for electric renewable (HOMER) software aimed at selecting the most feasible configuration based on the net present cost to meet the load demand of 425 W for the appliances in a departmental office at Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi. The simulation results were used to develop a working prototype by sizing the four major components: the solar panels (350 W), a wind turbine (100 W), 2 battery systems of 12 V/200Ah and a charge controller (35.4 A) to regulate battery charging. The efficiencies of the wind turbine, PV solar panels and the inverter system were 48, 29.2 and 50 % respectively. The contribution of PV was 98 % and that of the wind turbine was 2 % due to low average wind speed (1.96 m/s at 15 m) from February to April. The results showed that solar energy contributed more to the charging of the inverter than the wind energy due to the high favorable solar insolation in the region. The optimized system configuration was chosen and this was based on the net present cost, levelized cost of energy and its renewable fraction respectively. The results demonstrated that the best hybrid combination consists of 0.35 kW PV Panels, 1 unit of 0.1 kW wind turbine, 2 units of deep cycle batteries (12V each/200Ah) and 1 unit of 1600 W Inverter. The prototype of the solar - wind hybrid power system based on the optimized components met the load demand for the basic appliances in the office. The results can be expanded to cover the entire department and the templates so obtained can be used generally within the University Community.
Keywords:
- Inverter
- levelized energy cost
- optimization
- solar insolation
- solar-wind hybrid
- wind turbine
How to Cite
Akpan, U. V., Edeoja, A. O., Ibrahim, J. S., & Kwaghger, K. A. (2022). Design, Sizing and Optimization of a Solar- Wind Hybrid Power System. Journal of Energy Research and Reviews, 11(3), 50-71. https://doi.org/10.9734/jenrr/2022/v11i330282
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Robinson. Simulation and Evaluation of a Hybrid Concentrating Solar and Wind. Renewable Energy. 2016;(96):863-871.
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Kaldellis JK. Stand-alone and Hybrid Wind Energy Systems: Technology, Energy Storage and Applications. New York: Woodhead Publishing Limited. 2020;450 – 462.
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Kolhe M, Agbosson K, Hamelin J. Analytical Model for Predicting the Performance of Photovoltaic Array Coupled with a Wind Turbine in a Standalone Renewable Energy System Based on Hydrogen. Renewable Energy. 2015;(28):727-742.
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Monaaf D. A Review on Recent Size Optimization Methodologies for Standalone Solar and Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy System. Energy Conversion and Management. 2017;143: 252 – 274.
Dalwadi PG, Mehita CR. Feasibility Study of Solar Wind Hybrid Power System, International Journal of Energy Technology and Advanced Engineers. 2017;(2):125-128.
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Zhang L, Gari N, Hmurcik LV. Energy Management in a Micro grid with Distributed Energy Resources. Energy Conversion Management. 2014;(78):297–305.
Arribas L. PV-Wind Hybrid System Performance: A New Approach and a Case Study. Renewable Energy. 2009;(35):128-137.
Zohuri B. Hybrid Energy Systems, Springer International Publishing AG. 2018;1-38.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70721-1_1
Himanshu S. A Control Strategy of Hybrid Solar Wind Energy Generation System. Archives of Electrical Engineering. 2017;(2):241-251.
Bizon N, Oproescu M, Raceanu M. Efficient Energy Control Strategies for a Standalone Renewable/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Source. Energy Conversion Management. 2018;(90):93–110.
Tascikaraoglu A, Boynuegri AR, Uzunoglu M. A Demand Side Management Strategy Based on Forecasting of Residential Renewable Sources: A Smart Home System in Turkey. Energy Build. 2014; (80):309-20.
Shaffic S, Nicholas K, Noble B. Designing a Solar and Wind Hybrid System for small-scale irrigation: A Case Study for Kalangala District in Uganda. Energy, Sustainability and Society. 2020;(10):6.
Reddy DC. Design of Hybrid solar wind energy system in a microgrid with MPPT Techniques, International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE). 2018;8(2):730 – 740.
Hadi NA, Ateeb H, Yuhani PW, Jubaer A, Kamyar M, San Chuin L, Zulkurnain M. Sizing and Economic Analysis of Stand-Alone Hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind System for Rural Electrification: A Case Study Lundu, Sarawak. Cleaner Engineering and Technology. 2021;(4):100-191.
Weiping Z, Akbar M, Marc AR, Jingqing L. Sizing a Stand-Alone Solar Wind-Hydrogen Energy System Using Weather Forecasting and a Hybrid Search Optimization Algorithm. Energy Conversion and Management. 2019;(180): 609–612.
Kavitha S. Solar Wind Hydro Hybrid Energy System Simulation, International Journal of soft computing and Engineering. 2013;(6):28.
Sunanda SP. Prospects of Solar Photovoltaic Micro Wind based Hybrid Power Systems Western Himalayan State of Himachal Pradesh in India, Energy Conversion and Management. 2015;(105): 1340 -1350.
Vikas K. Solar-Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy system. A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review. 2016;(58):23-33.
Vivek D, Bhatia JS. Analysis and Design of a Domestic Solar-Wind Hybrid Energy System for Low Wind Speeds, International Journal of Computer Applications. 2013;(22):234-245.
Zade AB. Hybrid solar and wind power generation with grid interconnection system for improving power quality, power electronics, intelligent control and energy systems. 2016;50 – 58.
Subodh P, Shrestha JN, Fernando JN, Ferreira JAF, Muna A. Optimization of Hybrid PV/Wind Power System for Remote Telecom Station. Conference Paper; 2014.
DOI: 101109/ICPES.2011.6156618.
Thakur MS, Gupta B, Kumar V, Pandey M. Renewable Hybrid Energy System for Sustainable and Economical Power Supply- A Review, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT). 2012;1(6):1-9.
Thanh-Tuan N, Tobias B. Multi objective Optimization of a Hybrid Wind/Solar Battery Energy System in the Arctic. Journal of Renewable Energy; 2021.
Available:https://Doi.Org/10.1155/2021/8829561
Adejumobi IA, Oyagbinrin SG, Akinboro FG, Olajide MB. Hybrid Solar and Wind Power: An Essential for Information Communication Technology Infrastructure and People in Rural Communities. 2011;(9):130-138.
Ajao KR, Oladosu A, Popoola T. Using HOMER Power Optimization Software for Cost Benefit Analysis of Hybrid-Solar Power Generation Relative to Utility Cost in Nigeria. IJRRAS. 2017;(1)7.
Lakshmi G, Rama Rao PVV, Palleswari YR. Hybrid solar-wind-hydro renewable energy system, World Journal of Modelling and Simulation. 2014;10(4):243-251.
Marisarla CF, Kumar KR. A Hybrid Wind and Solar Energy System with Battery Energy Storage for an Isolated System. International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology. 2021;(3):99-104.
Vincent A, Bahijahtu A. Feasibility and Simulation of Integrated Renewable Energy System for Power Generation. A Hypothetical Study of Rural Health Clinic in Borno State; 2014.
Rohini A, Kord H. Modeling of a Hybrid Power System for Economic Analysis and Environmental Impact in HOMER. Proceedings of IEEE; 2015.
Tugnoli A, Santarelli F, Cozzani V. An Approach to Quantitative Sustainability Assessment in the Early Stages of Process Design. Environmental Science Technology. 2016;(12):4555 – 4562.
Kanaska AA, Gajbhiye VK, Jawore SJ. Solar–Wind Hybrid System – A Review. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology. 2019;(5):2321 – 9637.
Ram JP. Design and overview of maximum power point tracking techniques in wind and solar photovoltaic systems, a review Renewable and Sustainable energy reviews. 2017;73:1138 – 1159.
Robinson. Simulation and Evaluation of a Hybrid Concentrating Solar and Wind. Renewable Energy. 2016;(96):863-871.
Yashwant S, Gupta SC, Bohre AK, Meny W. PV wind hybrid system: A review with case study. Cogent Engineering. 2016; 3(1):1 – 31.
Kaldellis JK. Stand-alone and Hybrid Wind Energy Systems: Technology, Energy Storage and Applications. New York: Woodhead Publishing Limited. 2020;450 – 462.
Mandell JF, Samborsky DD, Wang L, Wahl NK. New Fatigue Data for Wind Turbine Blade Materials,” Journal of Solar Energy Engineering. 20417;(125):506-514.
Lehtovaara M, Karvonen M, Kapoor R, Sakari T, Pyrhönen KJ. Major factors contributing to wind power diffusion. Foresight. 2014;16(3):250 - 269.
Clarke S. Electricity Generation using Small Wind Turbines at Your Home or Farm, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Fact Sheet in Proceedings of International Conference. 2018;100 – 115.
Alghamdi FH. Wind Energy, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. 2016;7(1):65-79.
Kolhe M, Agbosson K, Hamelin J. Analytical Model for Predicting the Performance of Photovoltaic Array Coupled with a Wind Turbine in a Standalone Renewable Energy System Based on Hydrogen. Renewable Energy. 2015;(28):727-742.
Patel RM. Wind and Solar Power Systems: Design, Analysis, and Operation. United States: CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group; 2006.
Monaaf D. A Review on Recent Size Optimization Methodologies for Standalone Solar and Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy System. Energy Conversion and Management. 2017;143: 252 – 274.
Dalwadi PG, Mehita CR. Feasibility Study of Solar Wind Hybrid Power System, International Journal of Energy Technology and Advanced Engineers. 2017;(2):125-128.
Luque A, Hegedus S. Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering. Second Edition. Chichester, West Sussex, and U.K: Wiley; 2017.
Markvart T, Castañer L. Practical Handbook of Photovoltaic Fundamentals and Applications, Elsevier B.V. Oxford; 2020.
Barber DA. Nigeria Moving into Solar Energy to Spur Business Growth; 2016.
Accessed on 22nd March 2015 at Available:http://afkinsider.com/34905/nigeria-moving-solar-energy-spur-business-growth/
Mbakwe SN, Iqbal TM, Hsiao A. Design of a 1.5 kW Hybrid Wind/Photovoltaic Power System for a Telecoms Base Station in Remote Locations of Benin City, Nigeria; 2018.
Available:necec.engr.ca/ocs2011/viewpaper.pdf.
Sinha AS Review of Recent Trends in Optimization for Solar- Photovoltaic Wind based Hybrid Energy System. Review and Sustainable Energy Review. 2019;50.
Yahia B. Exploration of Optimal Design and Performance of Hybrid Wind-Solar Energy systems. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2016;41.
Binayak B. Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy Power Systems. International Journal of Energy Engineering. 2020;(2):99 – 112.
Antonio JC, Ange O, Costa M. New procedure for wind farm maintenance. Industrial Management & Data Systems. 2010;110(6):861 - 882.
Kumar A, Nair K. Wind characteristics and energy potentials at Wainiyaku Taveuni, Fiji. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal. 2012;23(3):300 - 308.
Li G, Zhi J. Chapter 2 - Analysis of Wind Power Characteristics, Editor(s): Ningbo Wang, Chongqing Kang, Dongming Ren, Large-Scale Wind Power Grid Integration, Academic Press. 2016; 19-51
ISBN 9780128498958,
Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-849895-8.00002-6.
Ani VA, Nzeako AN, Obianuko JC. Energy Optimization at Data centres in Two different Locations of Nigeria. International Journal of Energy Engineering. 2018;(4):151 –164.
Allan RS, Jose MC, Rodrigo E, Sergio C. Multi-Objective Optimization Of Hybrid CSP/PV System Using Genetic Algorithm. Energy. 2018;(147):490-503.
Elhadidy MA. Opportunities for Utilization of Standalone Hybrid Power Systems in Hot Climates. Renewable Energy. 2018;(28):1741-1753.
Malysz P, Sirouspour S, Emadi A. An Optimal Energy Storage Control Strategy for Grid-Connected Micro-Grids. IEEE Trans Smart Grid. 2020;(4):1785–96.
Mokhtara C, Negrou B, Settou N, Gouareh A, Settou B, Chetouane MA. Decision-Making and Optimal Design of Off-Grid Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Electrification of Mobile Buildings in Algeria: Case Study of Drilling Camps in Adrar. Algerian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2020;(6)2.
Rajoriya A, Fernandez E. Sustainable Energy Generation Using Hybrid Energy System for Remote Hilly Rural Area in India. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering. 2018;(3):219-227.
Jahanbani F, Riahy H. Optimal Design of a Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems. Renewable Energy Trends and Applications. 2018;230-250.
Saidi, A and Chellali B. Simulation and control of solar wind hybrid renewable power system and control (ICSC) 2017, 6TH International Conference on IEEE; 2017.
Villalva MG. Comprehensive Approach to Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Arrays, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2009;(25):1198-1208.
Bekele G, Tadesse G. Feasibility Study of Small Hydro/PV/Wind Hybrid System for Off Grid Rural Electrification in Ethiopia. Applied Energy. 2014;(65):195 – 206.
Behnke R, Member S, Benavides C, Lanas F, Severino B, Reyes L, et al. A Microgrid Energy Management System Based on the Rolling Horizon Strategy. IEEE Trans Smart Grid. 2017;(2):996–1006.
Irwan YM. A New Technique of Photovoltaic Wind Hybrid Power System in Perlis, Energy Procedia, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology. 2017;36- 44.
Chouaib A, Djamel B, Batoul T, Salim M. Sizing, Optimization, Control and Energy Management of Hybrid Renewable Energy System-A Review. Energy and Built Environment. 2021;(23)53.
Anayochukwu EA, Nnene EV. Simulation and Optimization of Hybrid Diesel Power Generation system for GSM Base Station Site in Nigeria. Electric Journal of Energy and Environment. 2016;(1)1.
Ghosh T, Prelas MA. Energy Resources and Systems. Renewable Resources. 2013;(2):2011 Edition. Springer.
Ekpenyong EE, Bam ME, Anyasi FI Performance Analysis of an Installed 1.5 kVA Hybrid Power Supply. Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. 2015;(3):20 – 27.
Lazarov VD, Hankins F. Hybrid Power Systems with Renewable Energy Sources, Types, Structures, Trends for Research and Development in: Proceedings of International Conference ELMA. 2017;515–520.
Mustafa E, Dilşad E. Sizing PV-Wind Hybrid Energy System for Lighting. International Journal of Development and Sustainability. 2013;(1):85-98.
Vincent A, Nzeako A. Energy Optimization at GSM Base Station Sites Located in Rural Areas. International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering (IJEOE) 4th Edition. 2012;200:210.
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