Optimization of the Performance of Hybrid Solar Biomass Dryer for Drying Maize Using ANSYS Workbench
Jackis Aukah *
Engineering Division, Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute, P.O.Box 30650, GPO, Nairobi, Kenya.
Mutuku Muvengei
Department of Mechanical Engineering, J.K.U.A.T. Main Campus Juja, Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
Hiram Ndiritu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, J.K.U.A.T. Main Campus Juja, Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
Calvin Onyango
Food Technology Division, Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute, P.O.Box 30650, GPO, Nairobi, Kenya.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
In this paper ANSYS workbench was used to optimize the performance of hybrid solar biomass dryer for drying shelled maize in order to find the optimal operating input variables when the air temperature within the drying chamber set within the permissible range at reasonably high flow velocity. Hybrid Solar dryer with biomass as a source of fuel for auxiliary heating during absence or low solar insolation is a feasible option for small scale maize farmers [1]. At times high temperatures are induced in this dryer which may result in grain fissures and breakage during milling, thus reducing the grain quality. Optimization results indicate that in order to keep the air temperature within drying chamber to permissible range [2], the air velocity at collector inlet and biomass heat exchanger outlet should be improved to 3 m/s and 2.8 m/s respectively while the capacity of the biomass heat exchanger should also be enhanced to provide hot air at 85°C. It be concluded from the study that HSBD is suitable for drying maize as well as other agricultural products since continuous interrupted drying can be achieved. The capability of the dryer to maintain uniform temperature and air flow within the drying chamber enable high quality dried products within a short duration.
Keywords: Optimization, shelled maize, hybrid solar biomass dryer, ANSYS design exploration, simulation.